Visual Servoing Platform version 3.7.0
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servoFrankaPBVS.cpp

Example of eye-in-hand image-based control law. We control here a real robot, the Franka Emika Panda robot (arm with 7 degrees of freedom). The velocity is computed in the camera frame. The inverse jacobian that converts cartesian velocities in joint velocities is implemented in the robot low level controller. Visual features correspond to the 3D pose of the target (an AprilTag) in the camera frame.

The device used to acquire images is a Realsense D435 device.

Camera extrinsic (eMc) parameters are set by default to a value that will not match your configuration. Use –eMc command line option to read the values from a file. This file could be obtained following extrinsic camera calibration tutorial: https://visp-doc.inria.fr/doxygen/visp-daily/tutorial-calibration-extrinsic-eye-in-hand.html

Camera intrinsic parameters are retrieved from the Realsense SDK.

The target is an AprilTag that is by default 12cm large. To print your own tag, see https://visp-doc.inria.fr/doxygen/visp-daily/tutorial-detection-apriltag.html You can specify the size of your tag using –tag-size command line option.

/*
* ViSP, open source Visual Servoing Platform software.
* Copyright (C) 2005 - 2025 by Inria. All rights reserved.
*
* This software is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
* See the file LICENSE.txt at the root directory of this source
* distribution for additional information about the GNU GPL.
*
* For using ViSP with software that can not be combined with the GNU
* GPL, please contact Inria about acquiring a ViSP Professional
* Edition License.
*
* See https://visp.inria.fr for more information.
*
* This software was developed at:
* Inria Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique
* Campus Universitaire de Beaulieu
* 35042 Rennes Cedex
* France
*
* If you have questions regarding the use of this file, please contact
* Inria at visp@inria.fr
*
* This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
* WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
*
* Description:
* Data acquisition with RealSense RGB-D sensor and Franka robot.
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <visp3/core/vpConfig.h>
#include <visp3/core/vpCameraParameters.h>
#include <visp3/core/vpIoTools.h>
#include <visp3/core/vpXmlParserCamera.h>
#include <visp3/detection/vpDetectorAprilTag.h>
#include <visp3/gui/vpDisplayFactory.h>
#include <visp3/gui/vpPlot.h>
#include <visp3/io/vpImageIo.h>
#include <visp3/robot/vpRobotFranka.h>
#include <visp3/sensor/vpRealSense2.h>
#include <visp3/visual_features/vpFeatureThetaU.h>
#include <visp3/visual_features/vpFeatureTranslation.h>
#include <visp3/vs/vpServo.h>
#include <visp3/vs/vpServoDisplay.h>
#if defined(VISP_HAVE_REALSENSE2) && defined(VISP_HAVE_DISPLAY) && defined(VISP_HAVE_FRANKA) && defined(VISP_HAVE_PUGIXML)
#ifdef ENABLE_VISP_NAMESPACE
using namespace VISP_NAMESPACE_NAME;
#endif
void display_point_trajectory(const vpImage<unsigned char> &I, const std::vector<vpImagePoint> &vip,
std::vector<vpImagePoint> *traj_vip)
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < vip.size(); ++i) {
if (traj_vip[i].size()) {
// Add the point only if distance with the previous > 1 pixel
if (vpImagePoint::distance(vip[i], traj_vip[i].back()) > 1.) {
traj_vip[i].push_back(vip[i]);
}
}
else {
traj_vip[i].push_back(vip[i]);
}
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < vip.size(); ++i) {
for (size_t j = 1; j < traj_vip[i].size(); j++) {
vpDisplay::displayLine(I, traj_vip[i][j - 1], traj_vip[i][j], vpColor::green, 2);
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
double opt_tag_size = 0.120;
bool opt_tag_z_aligned = false;
std::string opt_robot_ip = "192.168.1.1";
std::string opt_eMc_filename = "";
std::string opt_intrinsic_filename = "";
std::string opt_camera_name = "Camera";
bool display_tag = true;
int opt_quad_decimate = 2;
bool opt_verbose = false;
bool opt_plot = false;
bool opt_adaptive_gain = false;
bool opt_task_sequencing = false;
double convergence_threshold_t = 0.0005; // Value in [m]
double convergence_threshold_tu = 0.5; // Value in [deg]
for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
if ((std::string(argv[i]) == "--tag-size") && (i + 1 < argc)) {
opt_tag_size = std::stod(argv[++i]);
}
else if ((std::string(argv[i]) == "--tag-quad-decimate") && (i + 1 < argc)) {
opt_quad_decimate = std::stoi(argv[++i]);
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--tag-z-aligned") {
opt_tag_z_aligned = true;
}
else if ((std::string(argv[i]) == "--ip") && (i + 1 < argc)) {
opt_robot_ip = std::string(argv[++i]);
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--intrinsic" && i + 1 < argc) {
opt_intrinsic_filename = std::string(argv[++i]);
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--camera-name" && i + 1 < argc) {
opt_camera_name = std::string(argv[++i]);
}
else if ((std::string(argv[i]) == "--eMc") && (i + 1 < argc)) {
opt_eMc_filename = std::string(argv[++i]);
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--verbose") {
opt_verbose = true;
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--plot") {
opt_plot = true;
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--adaptive-gain") {
opt_adaptive_gain = true;
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--task-sequencing") {
opt_task_sequencing = true;
}
else if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--no-convergence-threshold") {
convergence_threshold_t = 0.;
convergence_threshold_tu = 0.;
}
else if ((std::string(argv[i]) == "--help") || (std::string(argv[i]) == "-h")) {
std::cout << "SYNOPSYS" << std::endl
<< " " << argv[0]
<< " [--ip <controller ip>]"
<< " [--intrinsic <xml file>]"
<< " [--camera-name <name>]"
<< " [--tag-size <size>]"
<< " [--tag-quad-decimate <decimation factor>]"
<< " [--tag-z-aligned]"
<< " [--eMc <extrinsic transformation file>]"
<< " [--adaptive-gain]"
<< " [--plot]"
<< " [--task-sequencing]"
<< " [--no-convergence-threshold]"
<< " [--verbose]"
<< " [--help] [-h]\n"
<< std::endl;
std::cout << "DESCRIPTION" << std::endl
<< " Use a position-based visual-servoing scheme to position the camera in front of an Apriltag." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --ip <controller ip>" << std::endl
<< " Franka controller ip address" << std::endl
<< " Default: " << opt_robot_ip << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --intrinsic <xml file>" << std::endl
<< " XML file that contains camera intrinsic parameters. " << std::endl
<< " If no file is specified, use Realsense camera factory intrinsic parameters." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --camera-name <name>" << std::endl
<< " Camera name in the XML file that contains camera intrinsic parameters." << std::endl
<< " Default: \"Camera\"" << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --tag-size <size>" << std::endl
<< " Apriltag size in [m]." << std::endl
<< " Default: " << opt_tag_size << " [m]" << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --tag-quad-decimate <decimation factor>" << std::endl
<< " Decimation factor used during Apriltag detection." << std::endl
<< " Default: " << opt_quad_decimate << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --tag-z-aligned" << std::endl
<< " When enabled, tag z-axis and camera z-axis are aligned." << std::endl
<< " Default: false" << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --eMc <extrinsic transformation file>" << std::endl
<< " File containing the homogeneous transformation matrix between" << std::endl
<< " robot end-effector and camera frame." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --adaptive-gain" << std::endl
<< " Flag to enable adaptive gain to speed up visual servo near convergence." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --plot" << std::endl
<< " Flag to enable curve plotter." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --task-sequencing" << std::endl
<< " Flag to enable task sequencing scheme." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --no-convergence-threshold" << std::endl
<< " Flag to disable convergence threshold used to stop the visual servo." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --verbose" << std::endl
<< " Flag to enable extra verbosity." << std::endl
<< std::endl
<< " --help, -h" << std::endl
<< " Print this helper message." << std::endl
<< std::endl;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
else {
std::cout << "\nERROR" << std::endl
<< std::string(argv[i]) << " command line option is not supported." << std::endl
<< "Use " << std::string(argv[0]) << " --help" << std::endl
<< std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
rs2::config config;
unsigned int width = 640, height = 480;
config.enable_stream(RS2_STREAM_COLOR, 640, 480, RS2_FORMAT_RGBA8, 30);
config.enable_stream(RS2_STREAM_DEPTH, 640, 480, RS2_FORMAT_Z16, 30);
config.enable_stream(RS2_STREAM_INFRARED, 640, 480, RS2_FORMAT_Y8, 30);
rs.open(config);
vpImage<unsigned char> I(height, width);
#if (VISP_CXX_STANDARD >= VISP_CXX_STANDARD_11)
std::shared_ptr<vpDisplay> display = vpDisplayFactory::createDisplay(I, 10, 10, "Current image");
#else
vpDisplay *display = vpDisplayFactory::allocateDisplay(I, 10, 10, "Current image");
#endif
std::cout << "Parameters:" << std::endl;
std::cout << " Apriltag " << std::endl;
std::cout << " Size [m] : " << opt_tag_size << std::endl;
std::cout << " Z aligned : " << (opt_tag_z_aligned ? "true" : "false") << std::endl;
std::cout << " Camera intrinsics " << std::endl;
std::cout << " Factory parameters : " << (opt_intrinsic_filename.empty() ? "yes" : "no") << std::endl;
// Get camera intrinsics
if (opt_intrinsic_filename.empty()) {
std::cout << "Use Realsense camera intrinsic factory parameters: " << std::endl;
std::cout << "cam:\n" << cam << std::endl;
}
else if (!vpIoTools::checkFilename(opt_intrinsic_filename)) {
std::cout << "Camera parameters file " << opt_intrinsic_filename << " doesn't exist." << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
else {
if (!opt_camera_name.empty()) {
std::cout << " Param file name [.xml]: " << opt_intrinsic_filename << std::endl;
std::cout << " Camera name : " << opt_camera_name << std::endl;
if (parser.parse(cam, opt_intrinsic_filename, opt_camera_name, vpCameraParameters::perspectiveProjWithDistortion) !=
std::cout << "Unable to parse parameters with distortion for camera \"" << opt_camera_name << "\" from "
<< opt_intrinsic_filename << " file" << std::endl;
std::cout << "Attempt to find parameters without distortion" << std::endl;
if (parser.parse(cam, opt_intrinsic_filename, opt_camera_name,
std::cout << "Unable to parse parameters without distortion for camera \"" << opt_camera_name << "\" from "
<< opt_intrinsic_filename << " file" << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
}
}
std::cout << "Camera parameters used to compute the pose:\n" << cam << std::endl;
// Setup Apriltag detector
// vpDetectorAprilTag::vpPoseEstimationMethod poseEstimationMethod = vpDetectorAprilTag::BEST_RESIDUAL_VIRTUAL_VS;
vpDetectorAprilTag detector(tagFamily);
detector.setAprilTagPoseEstimationMethod(poseEstimationMethod);
detector.setDisplayTag(display_tag);
detector.setAprilTagQuadDecimate(opt_quad_decimate);
detector.setZAlignedWithCameraAxis(opt_tag_z_aligned);
// Setup camera extrinsics
vpPoseVector e_P_c;
// Set camera extrinsics default values
e_P_c[0] = 0.0337731;
e_P_c[1] = -0.00535012;
e_P_c[2] = -0.0523339;
e_P_c[3] = -0.247294;
e_P_c[4] = -0.306729;
e_P_c[5] = 1.53055;
// If provided, read camera extrinsics from --eMc <file>
if (!opt_eMc_filename.empty()) {
e_P_c.loadYAML(opt_eMc_filename, e_P_c);
}
else {
std::cout << "Warning, opt_eMc_filename is empty! Use hard coded values." << std::endl;
}
vpHomogeneousMatrix e_M_c(e_P_c);
std::cout << "e_M_c:\n" << e_M_c << std::endl;
// Desired pose to reach
vpHomogeneousMatrix cd_M_o(vpTranslationVector(0, 0, opt_tag_size * 3), // 3 times tag with along camera z axis
vpRotationMatrix({ 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, -1 }));
try {
robot.connect(opt_robot_ip);
// Create visual features based on cd_M_c
// Setup PBVS
task.addFeature(t, td);
task.addFeature(tu, tud);
task.setInteractionMatrixType(vpServo::CURRENT);
if (opt_adaptive_gain) {
vpAdaptiveGain lambda(1.5, 0.4, 30); // lambda(0)=4, lambda(oo)=0.4 and lambda'(0)=30
task.setLambda(lambda);
}
else {
task.setLambda(0.5);
}
vpPlot *plotter = nullptr;
int iter_plot = 0;
if (opt_plot) {
plotter = new vpPlot(2, static_cast<int>(250 * 2), 500, static_cast<int>(I.getWidth()) + 80, 10,
"Real time curves plotter");
plotter->setTitle(0, "Visual features error");
plotter->setTitle(1, "Camera velocities");
plotter->initGraph(0, 6);
plotter->initGraph(1, 6);
plotter->setLegend(0, 0, "error_feat_tx");
plotter->setLegend(0, 1, "error_feat_ty");
plotter->setLegend(0, 2, "error_feat_tz");
plotter->setLegend(0, 3, "error_feat_theta_ux");
plotter->setLegend(0, 4, "error_feat_theta_uy");
plotter->setLegend(0, 5, "error_feat_theta_uz");
plotter->setLegend(1, 0, "vc_x");
plotter->setLegend(1, 1, "vc_y");
plotter->setLegend(1, 2, "vc_z");
plotter->setLegend(1, 3, "wc_x");
plotter->setLegend(1, 4, "wc_y");
plotter->setLegend(1, 5, "wc_z");
}
bool final_quit = false;
bool has_converged = false;
bool send_velocities = false;
bool servo_started = false;
std::vector<vpImagePoint> *traj_vip = nullptr; // To memorize point trajectory
static double t_init_servo = vpTime::measureTimeMs();
robot.set_eMc(e_M_c); // Set location of the camera wrt end-effector frame
robot.setRobotState(vpRobot::STATE_VELOCITY_CONTROL);
vpHomogeneousMatrix cd_M_c, c_M_o, o_M_o;
while (!has_converged && !final_quit) {
double t_start = vpTime::measureTimeMs();
rs.acquire(I);
std::vector<vpHomogeneousMatrix> c_M_o_vec;
bool ret = detector.detect(I, opt_tag_size, cam, c_M_o_vec);
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "Left click to " << (send_velocities ? "stop the robot" : "servo the robot") << ", right click to quit.";
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 20, 20, ss.str(), vpColor::red);
vpColVector v_c(6);
// Only one tag is detected
if (ret && (c_M_o_vec.size() == 1)) {
c_M_o = c_M_o_vec[0];
static bool first_time = true;
if (first_time) {
// Introduce security wrt tag positioning in order to avoid PI rotation
std::vector<vpHomogeneousMatrix> secure_o_M_o(2), secure_cd_M_c(2);
secure_o_M_o[1].buildFrom(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, M_PI);
for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
secure_cd_M_c[i] = cd_M_o * secure_o_M_o[i] * c_M_o.inverse();
}
if (std::fabs(secure_cd_M_c[0].getThetaUVector().getTheta()) < std::fabs(secure_cd_M_c[1].getThetaUVector().getTheta())) {
o_M_o = secure_o_M_o[0];
}
else {
std::cout << "Desired frame modified to avoid PI rotation of the camera" << std::endl;
o_M_o = secure_o_M_o[1]; // Introduce PI rotation
}
}
// Update visual features
cd_M_c = cd_M_o * o_M_o * c_M_o.inverse();
t.buildFrom(cd_M_c);
tu.buildFrom(cd_M_c);
if (opt_task_sequencing) {
if (!servo_started) {
if (send_velocities) {
servo_started = true;
}
t_init_servo = vpTime::measureTimeMs();
}
v_c = task.computeControlLaw((vpTime::measureTimeMs() - t_init_servo) / 1000.);
}
else {
v_c = task.computeControlLaw();
}
// Display desired and current pose features
vpDisplay::displayFrame(I, cd_M_o * o_M_o, cam, opt_tag_size / 1.5, vpColor::yellow, 2);
vpDisplay::displayFrame(I, c_M_o, cam, opt_tag_size / 2, vpColor::none, 3);
// Get tag corners
std::vector<vpImagePoint> vip = detector.getPolygon(0);
// Get the tag cog corresponding to the projection of the tag frame in the image
vip.push_back(detector.getCog(0));
// Display the trajectory of the points
if (first_time) {
traj_vip = new std::vector<vpImagePoint>[vip.size()];
}
display_point_trajectory(I, vip, traj_vip);
if (opt_plot) {
plotter->plot(0, iter_plot, task.getError());
plotter->plot(1, iter_plot, v_c);
iter_plot++;
}
if (opt_verbose) {
std::cout << "v_c: " << v_c.t() << std::endl;
}
vpThetaUVector cd_tu_c = cd_M_c.getThetaUVector();
double error_tr = sqrt(cd_t_c.sumSquare());
double error_tu = vpMath::deg(sqrt(cd_tu_c.sumSquare()));
ss.str("");
ss << "error_t: " << error_tr;
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 20, static_cast<int>(I.getWidth()) - 150, ss.str(), vpColor::red);
ss.str("");
ss << "error_tu: " << error_tu;
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 40, static_cast<int>(I.getWidth()) - 150, ss.str(), vpColor::red);
if (opt_verbose)
std::cout << "error translation: " << error_tr << " ; error rotation: " << error_tu << std::endl;
if (error_tr < convergence_threshold_t && error_tu < convergence_threshold_tu) {
has_converged = true;
std::cout << "Servo task has converged" << std::endl;
;
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 100, 20, "Servo task has converged", vpColor::red);
}
if (first_time) {
first_time = false;
}
} // end if (c_M_o_vec.size() == 1)
else {
v_c = 0;
}
if (!send_velocities) {
v_c = 0;
}
// Send to the robot
robot.setVelocity(vpRobot::CAMERA_FRAME, v_c);
ss.str("");
ss << "Loop time: " << vpTime::measureTimeMs() - t_start << " ms";
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 40, 20, ss.str(), vpColor::red);
if (vpDisplay::getClick(I, button, false)) {
switch (button) {
send_velocities = !send_velocities;
break;
final_quit = true;
v_c = 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
std::cout << "Stop the robot " << std::endl;
robot.setRobotState(vpRobot::STATE_STOP);
if (opt_plot && plotter != nullptr) {
delete plotter;
plotter = nullptr;
}
if (!final_quit) {
while (!final_quit) {
rs.acquire(I);
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 20, 20, "Click to quit the program.", vpColor::red);
vpDisplay::displayText(I, 40, 20, "Visual servo converged.", vpColor::red);
if (vpDisplay::getClick(I, false)) {
final_quit = true;
}
}
}
if (traj_vip) {
delete[] traj_vip;
}
}
catch (const vpException &e) {
std::cout << "ViSP exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
std::cout << "Stop the robot " << std::endl;
robot.setRobotState(vpRobot::STATE_STOP);
#if (VISP_CXX_STANDARD < VISP_CXX_STANDARD_11)
if (display != nullptr) {
delete display;
}
#endif
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
catch (const franka::NetworkException &e) {
std::cout << "Franka network exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
std::cout << "Check if you are connected to the Franka robot"
<< " or if you specified the right IP using --ip command line option set by default to 192.168.1.1. "
<< std::endl;
#if (VISP_CXX_STANDARD < VISP_CXX_STANDARD_11)
if (display != nullptr) {
delete display;
}
#endif
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
catch (const std::exception &e) {
std::cout << "Franka exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
#if (VISP_CXX_STANDARD < VISP_CXX_STANDARD_11)
if (display != nullptr) {
delete display;
}
#endif
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
#if (VISP_CXX_STANDARD < VISP_CXX_STANDARD_11)
if (display != nullptr) {
delete display;
}
#endif
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
#else
int main()
{
#if !defined(VISP_HAVE_REALSENSE2)
std::cout << "Install librealsense-2.x and rebuild ViSP." << std::endl;
#endif
#if !defined(VISP_HAVE_FRANKA)
std::cout << "Install libfranka and rebuild ViSP." << std::endl;
#endif
#if !defined(VISP_HAVE_PUGIXML)
std::cout << "Build ViSP with pugixml support enabled." << std::endl;
#endif
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
#endif
Adaptive gain computation.
static bool loadYAML(const std::string &filename, vpArray2D< Type > &A, char *header=nullptr)
Definition vpArray2D.h:874
Generic class defining intrinsic camera parameters.
@ perspectiveProjWithDistortion
Perspective projection with distortion model.
@ perspectiveProjWithoutDistortion
Perspective projection without distortion model.
Implementation of column vector and the associated operations.
static const vpColor red
Definition vpColor.h:198
static const vpColor none
Definition vpColor.h:210
static const vpColor yellow
Definition vpColor.h:206
static const vpColor green
Definition vpColor.h:201
@ TAG_36h11
AprilTag 36h11 pattern (recommended).
Class that defines generic functionalities for display.
Definition vpDisplay.h:171
static bool getClick(const vpImage< unsigned char > &I, bool blocking=true)
static void display(const vpImage< unsigned char > &I)
static void displayLine(const vpImage< unsigned char > &I, const vpImagePoint &ip1, const vpImagePoint &ip2, const vpColor &color, unsigned int thickness=1, bool segment=true)
static void displayFrame(const vpImage< unsigned char > &I, const vpHomogeneousMatrix &cMo, const vpCameraParameters &cam, double size, const vpColor &color=vpColor::none, unsigned int thickness=1, const vpImagePoint &offset=vpImagePoint(0, 0), const std::string &frameName="", const vpColor &textColor=vpColor::black, const vpImagePoint &textOffset=vpImagePoint(15, 15))
static void flush(const vpImage< unsigned char > &I)
static void displayText(const vpImage< unsigned char > &I, const vpImagePoint &ip, const std::string &s, const vpColor &color)
error that can be emitted by ViSP classes.
Definition vpException.h:60
Class that defines a 3D visual feature from a axis/angle parametrization that represent the rotati...
Class that defines the translation visual feature .
Implementation of an homogeneous matrix and operations on such kind of matrices.
vpThetaUVector getThetaUVector() const
vpHomogeneousMatrix inverse() const
vpTranslationVector getTranslationVector() const
static double distance(const vpImagePoint &iP1, const vpImagePoint &iP2)
Definition of the vpImage class member functions.
Definition vpImage.h:131
static bool checkFilename(const std::string &filename)
static double deg(double rad)
Definition vpMath.h:119
This class enables real time drawing of 2D or 3D graphics. An instance of the class open a window whi...
Definition vpPlot.h:117
Implementation of a pose vector and operations on poses.
vpCameraParameters getCameraParameters(const rs2_stream &stream, vpCameraParameters::vpCameraParametersProjType type=vpCameraParameters::perspectiveProjWithDistortion, int index=-1) const
void acquire(vpImage< unsigned char > &grey, double *ts=nullptr)
bool open(const rs2::config &cfg=rs2::config())
@ CAMERA_FRAME
Definition vpRobot.h:81
@ STATE_VELOCITY_CONTROL
Initialize the velocity controller.
Definition vpRobot.h:64
@ STATE_STOP
Stops robot motion especially in velocity and acceleration control.
Definition vpRobot.h:63
Implementation of a rotation matrix and operations on such kind of matrices.
double sumSquare() const
@ EYEINHAND_CAMERA
Definition vpServo.h:176
@ CURRENT
Definition vpServo.h:217
Implementation of a rotation vector as axis-angle minimal representation.
Class that consider the case of a translation vector.
XML parser to load and save intrinsic camera parameters.
std::shared_ptr< vpDisplay > createDisplay()
Return a smart pointer vpDisplay specialization if a GUI library is available or nullptr otherwise.
vpDisplay * allocateDisplay()
Return a newly allocated vpDisplay specialization if a GUI library is available or nullptr otherwise.
VISP_EXPORT double measureTimeMs()